Accentual verse

Meter
Pronunciation

Understanding ARPABET Pronunciation

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The pronunciation guide uses the ARPABET phonetic system—the same system used in speech recognition and text-to-speech applications.

Vowel Examples:
AE1 = cat, bat
EH1 = bed, head
IY1 = see, me
OW1 = go, boat
UW1 = boot, do
Stress Numbers:
0 = no stress (unstressed)
1 = primary stress (loud)
2 = secondary stress (medium)
Example:
AH0 TH IY1 N AH0
= a-THEE-na (Athena)

The stressed syllable (marked with 1) is pronounced louder and clearer than others.

Quick Definition

Verse counted by the number of stressed syllables per line, regardless of unstressed syllables.

Detailed Definition
Accentual verse: A system of prosody in which the primary organizing principle is the number of stressed (or "strong") syllables in a line, regardless of the total number of syllables or the pattern of unstressed ones. In this system, a line of poetry is defined by its count of accented beats, with the number of unaccented syllables acting as variable fillers between them. This method of measuring rhythm is characteristic of older Germanic languages and is most prominently found in early English poetry, such as Old English alliterative verse like Beowulf and early Anglo-Saxon poetry. It predates the more complex accentual-syllabic system common in modern English poetry. The focus is purely on stress, not on a fixed number of syllables per line. For instance, a line in accentual verse might have three strong stresses but vary widely in total syllable length, such as "One STRONG-stress line" versus "Another STRONG-stress-of-words line." This system reflects the oral traditions of pre-literate societies, where a consistent beat was more crucial for memorization and recitation than a rigid syllabic count.
Example
Example in poetry:
Accentual verse counts only stressed syllables per line, ignoring total syllables; Old English “Beowulf” exemplifies this: “Hwæt! We Gardena in geardagum” has four stresses per line but varying total syllables.
Additional Notes
Counts only stresses per line; syllables vary freely. Native English tradition (Old English, Middle English alliterative). Revived by Hopkins, Auden. More flexible than accentual-syllabic.
Also Known As
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