Adonic pentameter

Meter
Pronunciation

Understanding ARPABET Pronunciation

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The pronunciation guide uses the ARPABET phonetic system—the same system used in speech recognition and text-to-speech applications.

Vowel Examples:
AE1 = cat, bat
EH1 = bed, head
IY1 = see, me
OW1 = go, boat
UW1 = boot, do
Stress Numbers:
0 = no stress (unstressed)
1 = primary stress (loud)
2 = secondary stress (medium)
Example:
AH0 TH IY1 N AH0
= a-THEE-na (Athena)

The stressed syllable (marked with 1) is pronounced louder and clearer than others.

Quick Definition

A classical metrical form composed of a dactyl followed by a trochee, repeated five times, producing a falling-rising rhythm; named after the mythic figure Adonis and used in Greek lyric for its graceful motion.

Detailed Definition
Adonic pentameter: A metrical line composed of five Adonic feet. As established, an Adonic foot consists of a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable (/ x), which is equivalent to a trochee. Consequently, an Adonic pentameter would be a line of ten syllables structured in a trochaic pattern (e.g., da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM). Like the Adonic hexameter, this meter is not commonly found in English poetry, as the predominantly falling rhythm of trochaic tetrameter or trimeter feels less natural for sustained lyrical or narrative purposes in English compared to rising meters like iambic pentameter. The concept is primarily of historical interest, originating from ancient Greek and Latin prosody. Its study is valuable for understanding the full spectrum of metrical possibilities explored in classical antiquity, even if these structures were eventually superseded in English poetry by accentual-syllabic systems better suited to the language's own rhythmic tendencies.
Example
Example in poetry:
Adonic pentameter is a misnomer; pentameter implies five feet, but Adonic is a two-foot unit—this may refer to a pentameter line ending with an Adonic cadence, as in some Sapphic adaptations: “Waves crash, winds howl, stars fall, time flies, love dies.”
Additional Notes
Five-foot line ending in Adonic rhythm. Unusual—pentameter typically maintains uniform feet. Creates unexpected variation in closing. Mostly theoretical construct.
Also Known As
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