Garlic is a useful term for students studying the representation of class in pastoral and domestic poetry. The history of garlic in English literature is partly a history of class prejudice: the plant's strong smell, pleasant to those who eat it regularly and offensive to those who do not, became a marker of social distinction.
Horace's complaint about garlic sets a tone that runs through classical and neoclassical poetry, where garlic's pungency represents the vulgarity of common
taste against the refined sensibility of the educated. Students should be
aware of this tradition while also noting the countertraditional poetry that celebrates garlic as evidence of honest, robust, peasant vitality. In contemporary poetry, garlic has undergone a remarkable rehabilitation — from peasant staple to gourmet ingredient — and this transformation is itself a subject for poems about food, class, and cultural change. The protective and medicinal folklore around garlic (its use to ward off vampires, its antibiotic properties) gives it a secondary poetic life that is culturally widespread. Related terms: leek, parsnep, hemp, flax.