Gout is a form of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, producing intense pain and swelling. In earlier centuries it became stereotypically associated with wealthy individuals whose diets were rich in meat and wine. Because of this reputation, literary references to gout often carry a satirical tone. Poets used the condition to illustrate the consequences of indulgence, the discomforts of ageing, or the ironic suffering of those whose luxurious lives led to painful illness.

Gout is a painful inflammatory joint condition historically associated with wealthy lifestyles and excessive food or drink. In poetry it often appears satirically to criticise indulgence among the privileged classes. Writers portray gout sufferers as victims of their own excess. The condition therefore becomes a moral metaphor linking bodily pain with social behaviour. References to gout frequently appear in eighteenth century satire and social commentary.