In August 1991, Mount Hudson in southern Chile's Aysén Region erupted explosively, one of the most powerful eruptions of the late 20th century in the Southern Hemisphere. The VEI 5+ event produced widespread ashfall across Patagonia and affected air travel in the Southern Cone. It followed closely after the Pinatubo eruption, compounding global aerosol effects and causing regional agricultural losses near Coyhaique. The remote Andean location amplified its study for caldera dynamics.

This eruption inspired contemporary Latin American poets to explore themes of isolation, resilience, and planetary interconnectedness in the face of natural disasters. Chilean poets incorporated imagery of ash-covered landscapes and disrupted skies into works reflecting on environmental justice and indigenous connections to the land. It contributed to a wave of eco-literature and poetry addressing climate volatility, linking volcanic events to broader discussions of sustainability and human adaptation in 20th-century verse.