In 1190, Chinese philosopher Zhu Xi synthesized Neo-Confucianism, emphasizing the investigation of 'li' (principle) in all things as a means to understand the universe and human behavior. His work sought to reconcile Confucian teachings with Buddhist and Daoist ideas, creating a comprehensive philosophical system that influenced Chinese thought for generations. Zhu Xi's contributions to education and moral philosophy shaped the intellectual landscape of East Asia, impacting governance and social ethics.

Zhu Xi's synthesis of Neo-Confucianism emphasized moral cultivation and cosmic principles, influencing the imagery and themes of later Chinese poets like Wang Wei. This philosophical framework enriched the intellectual landscape of poetry, fostering a deeper exploration of nature and humanity's moral responsibilities.