William of Ockham, a Franciscan friar, developed the philosophical concept of nominalism around 1320, arguing that universals are merely names (nomina) and that only individual entities exist. This perspective separated faith from reason, challenging the scholastic traditions of his time. Ockham's ideas laid the groundwork for modern philosophy and influenced subsequent thinkers in both theology and science.

William of Ockham's development of nominalism challenged the scholastic tradition, paving the way for a focus on individual experience in Renaissance literature. This shift is evident in the works of poets who emphasized personal perspective and the nuances of human emotion.