In 1789, Jeremy Bentham published 'An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation', where he codified the philosophy of Utilitarianism. Bentham argued that the moral worth of actions is determined by their contribution to overall utility or happiness, introducing a systematic approach to ethics. His ideas laid the groundwork for modern ethical theory and influenced social reform movements, advocating for the greatest good for the greatest number. Bentham's work remains a cornerstone of moral philosophy and continues to be debated and applied in contemporary ethical discussions.

Jeremy Bentham's 'An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation' introduced utilitarianism into social discourse, prompting Romantic poets like William Blake to critique its cold rationalism. Their poetry often reflected a yearning for deeper emotional and spiritual connections in a mechanized world.