Andreas Vesalius published 'De humani corporis fabrica' in 1543, a groundbreaking work that revolutionized the study of human anatomy. By correcting long-held misconceptions from ancient texts and emphasizing empirical observation through dissection, Vesalius laid the foundation for modern anatomical science. His contributions significantly advanced medical knowledge and practice, influencing generations of physicians and scientists.

The detailed visualization of the human interior profoundly influenced the metaphysical poets and dramatists, who began to use anatomical imagery (bones, nerves, blood) to explore psychological states and the nature of the soul, as seen in Donne’s 'Anatomy of the World'.