In 1440, the weaver-poet Kabir composed dohas that critiqued ritualism while blending insights from both Hindu and Muslim mysticism. His syncretic approach to spirituality resonated with diverse audiences in Northern India, promoting a message of unity and devotion. Kabir's poetry not only enriched the cultural landscape but also laid the groundwork for the Bhakti movement, which emphasized personal devotion over ritualistic practices.

Kabir's syncretic Bhakti poetry in Northern India around 1440 popularized accessible devotional verse that transcended religious boundaries. His work influenced Sikh scripture and later Indian protest poetry, emphasizing themes of unity and social justice, inspiring poets like Faiz Ahmed Faiz, who echoed similar sentiments in their critiques of oppression.