In 1972, the El Niño phenomenon contributed to severe drought across the Sahel region of Africa, leading to widespread famine and humanitarian crises. This climatic event disrupted agricultural production and exacerbated existing vulnerabilities in the region. The drought highlighted the interconnectedness of climate patterns and food security, prompting international responses to address the crisis. The events of 1972 underscored the importance of understanding climate change and its impacts on vulnerable populations.

The 1972-73 El Niño Sahel drought and famine sparked African literary works addressing survival and migration. Poets like Leopold Sedar Senghor and Niyi Osundare reflected on postcolonial environmental challenges, using their voices to advocate for change. Their poetry often highlights the resilience of communities facing adversity and the need for global awareness.