In 1971, liquid crystal display (LCD) technology saw key commercialization advances, enabling practical flat-panel screens for electronics. Innovations in materials and driving methods by companies like RCA and others paved the way for watches, calculators, and later monitors. This shifted visual interfaces, influencing computing, media, and modern tools for reading and creating digital poetry.

The commercialization of LCD technology in 1971 enabled the rise of portable screens, which significantly influenced digital and hypertext literature. Poets started to experiment with visual formats and interactive texts, reflecting the changing nature of reading and engagement with poetry.