Around 900 AD, advancements in gem faceting and polishing techniques emerged during the Islamic Golden Age, significantly enhancing the art of lapidary. Muslim artisans developed innovative methods that improved the quality and brilliance of gemstones, which were highly valued in trade and jewelry. These advancements not only showcased the technical skills of the time but also contributed to the flourishing of trade networks and cultural exchanges across the Islamic world and beyond.

Advancements in gem faceting during the Islamic Golden Age around 900 enriched Arabic and Persian poetry, where gems became metaphors for light and perfection. Poets like Rumi and Omar Khayyam utilized these symbols to explore themes of beauty, love, and the divine, weaving intricate imagery into their verses.