In 1970, biologist Paul Ehrlich and others predicted massive famines and the potential collapse of civilization by the year 2000 due to overpopulation and resource depletion. This prediction sparked significant debate and concern about environmental sustainability and population growth. Ehrlich's work highlighted the urgent need for policies addressing food security, environmental conservation, and sustainable development.

The prediction of global famine by 2000 in 1970 fueled environmental and apocalyptic themes in late 20th-century poetry. Poets like Adrienne Rich addressed ecological concerns and humanity's future, intertwining personal and global narratives in their work, while also inspiring contemporary poets like Ocean Vuong, who explore the fragility of existence.