In the 1960s, post-colonial debates in India over the promotion of Hindi sparked significant anti-Hindi agitations, particularly in southern states. These movements reflected resistance to perceived impositions of a dominant language and culture, highlighting the complexities of national identity in a diverse society. The tensions surrounding language policy continue to influence regional dynamics in India today.

Post-colonial Hindi debates in India since 1960 have strengthened regional language poetry. Poets like Agyeya and Kamala Das have explored themes of identity, culture, and resistance in their works.