On June 19, 1312, Thomas of Lancaster and his baronial allies ordered the execution of Piers Gaveston, the favourite of King Edward II. Gaveston was captured at Scarborough Castle and beheaded at Blacklow Hill in Warwickshire. His death was a pivotal moment in the reign of Edward II, deepening the conflict between the king and his nobles.

The execution of Piers Gaveston became a central theme in the political poetry and chronicles of the age, as well as a subject for later dramatic treatment, most notably in Christopher Marlowe's 'Edward II'. It fueled a tradition of poetry and drama about royal favourites and the dangers of unmerited influence. The event's poignant and violent narrative has continued to inspire literary works exploring power, friendship, and betrayal.