The Battle of Radcot Bridge took place on December 20, 1387, during the Lords Appellant's rebellion against King Richard II. The rebel forces, led by the Duke of Gloucester and the Earl of Arundel, defeated the king's supporter, Robert de Vere, at Radcot Bridge in Oxfordshire. This victory forced the king to accept the authority of the Lords Appellant and limited his power.

The Battle of Radcot Bridge was a subject of chronicle poetry and political ballads, reflecting the growing factionalism of Richard II's reign. It appears in the works of Thomas Walsingham and other chroniclers, who used the event to comment on royal tyranny and the need for aristocratic resistance. The battle's themes of rebellion and the limits of royal power influenced later historical dramas and political poetry.