In 27 BCE, Marcus Agrippa began construction of the Pantheon in Rome under Augustus, creating a temple later rebuilt by Hadrian. Its massive concrete dome and oculus exemplified Roman engineering genius. The Pantheon influenced Western architecture and poetry celebrating harmony, eternity, imperial power, and the intersection of human achievement with the divine.

The construction of the Pantheon under Augustus, beginning in 27 BC, became a symbol of imperial piety and engineering prowess. Augustan poets like Horace and Ovid celebrated this architectural marvel in their works, reflecting on themes of grandeur and divine favor.