On 18 November in poetry and history
Poets born or who died on this date, plus historical events that happened on this day across history.
610 poets with calendar dates · 6,535 events with calendar dates in the catalogue
2 birthdays · 4 death anniversaries · 8 world events on 18 November
Birthdays
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William Shenstone
18 November 1714 – 11 February 1763 (~49)
Born 18 November 1714 — would have been 312 in 2026
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William Schwenck Gilbert
18 November 1836 – 29 May 1911 (~75)
Born 18 November 1836 — would have been 190 in 2026
Death anniversaries
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William Allingham
19 March 1824 – 18 November 1889 (~65)
Died 18 November 1889 — 137 years ago on this date
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Walter J. Turner
13 October 1884 – 18 November 1946 (~62)
Died 18 November 1946 — 80 years ago on this date
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Paul Éluard
14 December 1895 – 18 November 1952 (~57)
Died 18 November 1952 — 74 years ago on this date
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Clifford Bax
13 July 1886 – 18 November 1962 (~76)
Died 18 November 1962 — 64 years ago on this date
World events on this day
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First English Book Printed by Caxton
William Caxton established the first English printing press in Westminster in 1476, marking a pivotal moment in the history of literature and communication. The printing press enabled the mass production of books, making literature more accessible to the public and fostering a culture of reading. Caxton's work laid the foundation for the English literary tradition and the spread of ideas during the Renaissance.
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Establishment of the University of Bologna
In 1083, the University of Bologna was established, becoming one of the first universities in the world. Located in Bologna, Italy, it became a center for higher learning, particularly in law and the humanities. This institution played a significant role in the intellectual revival of Europe during the Middle Ages, fostering a culture of scholarship and education.
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Council of Clermont
Pope Urban II delivered the sermon at the Council of Clermont in France that launched the First Crusade, promising spiritual rewards to those who took up arms for the faith. This event marked a shift in the relationship between the papacy and secular rulers and established the concept of holy war in Christian thought. The speech, though not recorded verbatim, became iconic in Christian history and literature.
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Molière's Les Précieuses ridicules Premieres
Molière's Les Précieuses ridicules premiered in Paris in 1659 and made his reputation as a comic dramatist. The play satirised fashionable salon language and social pretension. It emerged from a culture in which conversation, wit and performance shaped literary status.
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Russian Bolshevik Decriminalization of Abortion
In 1920, the Russian Bolshevik government decriminalized abortion on request, a progressive policy aimed at promoting women's rights and workforce participation. This move was part of a broader agenda to modernize society and improve women's health and social standing. The policy was significant in the context of early Soviet reforms, reflecting a commitment to gender equality and influencing reproductive rights discussions worldwide.
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Jonestown Massacre
The Jonestown Massacre on November 18, 1978, was a tragic event in which over 900 members of the Peoples Temple, led by Jim Jones, died in a mass murder-suicide in Guyana. This incident drew international attention to the dangers of cults and the psychological manipulation of followers. The massacre raised awareness about the need for vigilance against extremist groups and the importance of mental health support.
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COBE Satellite CMB Measurements
The COBE satellite, launched in 1989, made significant measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, confirming the blackbody spectrum and revealing anisotropies in the early universe. These findings provided crucial evidence for the Big Bang theory and enhanced our understanding of cosmic evolution. The COBE mission marked a milestone in cosmology, influencing subsequent research and shaping our comprehension of the universe's origins.
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The Great Earthquake of 1755 in Cape Ann
On November 18, 1755 CE, an earthquake struck the Cape Ann region of Massachusetts, in the American colonies. The quake, estimated at magnitude 5.9, caused significant damage to buildings and was felt over a wide area. This event was one of the most significant earthquakes in the history of New England and is a notable example of seismic activity in the region.