Desire

Philosophy
Pronunciation

Understanding ARPABET Pronunciation

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The pronunciation guide uses the ARPABET phonetic system—the same system used in speech recognition and text-to-speech applications.

Vowel Examples:
AE1 = cat, bat
EH1 = bed, head
IY1 = see, me
OW1 = go, boat
UW1 = boot, do
Stress Numbers:
0 = no stress (unstressed)
1 = primary stress (loud)
2 = secondary stress (medium)
Example:
AH0 TH IY1 N AH0
= a-THEE-na (Athena)

The stressed syllable (marked with 1) is pronounced louder and clearer than others.

Quick Definition

Desire refers to longing or wanting that drives human action and thought. It is central to motivation and identity.

Detailed Definition
Philosophically, desire is a fundamental force shaping behaviour, explored in psychoanalysis and existentialism. In poetry, it appears in themes of love, ambition, and lack, often expressed through vivid imagery and emotional intensity. Poets use desire to explore the tension between fulfilment and absence.
Example
Example in poetry:
In Plato's "Symposium," desire (eros) is the philosophical motor of ascent from the beautiful body to the Form of Beauty itself, and this Platonic erotics runs through Dante's love poetry and his use of Beatrice as the vehicle of spiritual ascent; Lacan's psychoanalytic philosophy of desire — desire as constitutively lacking its object, always displaced onto a new object in a metonymic chain — informs much contemporary poetry that treats longing not as a temporary condition to be satisfied but as a permanent structure of the subject; A poet writing about unrequited love might invoke Spinoza's philosophy of desire (desire as the essence of the human being, the conatus or striving that constitutes the self) to argue that the desire itself, not its satisfaction, is the fundamental human reality; Deleuze and Guattari's reconceptualization of desire — not as lack but as productive, affirmative, world-making — has influenced poets who celebrate desire not as a painful absence but as a positive creative force; Sappho's lyric fragments are the founding texts of the poetry of desire, and their philosophical sophistication — in staging the split self, the symptoms of eros, the objectification of the beloved — makes them philosophical documents as well as poems; Anne Carson's "Eros the Bittersweet" is simultaneously a philosophical treatise on desire and a book deeply influenced by poetic tradition, arguing that desire requires the gap, the missing piece, to sustain itself — and that poetry and desire share this structure
Additional Notes
Desire occupies a central position in the history of philosophy. Plato's "Symposium" presents eros as the philosophical motor — desire for the beautiful ascends from beautiful bodies to beautiful souls to the Form of Beauty itself. Aristotle's account of desire (orexis) distinguishes appetitive desire, spirited desire (thumos), and rational wish (boulesis). Spinoza identifies desire (cupiditas) with the conatus — the striving of each thing to persist in its being — making desire the essence of the human being. Lacan's psychoanalytic theory identifies desire as constitutively lacking its object — desire is always desire of the Other, always displaced onto a new object in a metonymic chain. Deleuze and Guattari's critique of Lacan reverses this: desire is not lack but production — desire does not desire an absent object but produces connections and assemblages. For poets, desire is both subject and force. Related terms: eros, Platonic ascent, Lacanian lack, Spinoza's conatus, Deleuze's desiring-machines, libido.
Other Meanings of “Desire”
Also Known As
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