In the post-war years, a group of Spanish poets, including Luis Rosales, Dionisio Ridruejo, and José María Pemán, developed a Catholic and nationalist poetry that celebrated Franco's victory and the traditional values of Spanish culture. These poets, who were sometimes referred to as the 'Third Spain,' rejected the secularism and social radicalism of the Republic and embraced a vision of Spain as a Catholic, authoritarian, and anti-communist nation. Their poetry, which was promoted by the regime, became the dominant literary mode in Francoist Spain.

The Catholic poetry of the post-war years was influential in shaping the literary culture of Francoist Spain, and it established a conservative poetic tradition that would persist for decades. The poets of the 'Third Spain' also had a significant impact on the development of Spanish poetry, as their work set the tone for the official culture of the regime. However, their poetry was also criticized by exiled poets, who saw it as a betrayal of the Republic's ideals.