The Wahhabi movement, which began to expand in Arabia around 1803, was characterized by its strict interpretation of Islam and its emphasis on puritanical practices. Led by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, the movement formed alliances with local Saudi forces, leading to significant territorial conquests. This expansion not only reshaped the religious landscape of Arabia but also laid the groundwork for the eventual establishment of the modern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

The expansion of the Wahhabi movement in Arabia significantly influenced Islamic poetic traditions, as poets began to emphasize tawhid (the oneness of God) and critique Sufi practices. This shift is reflected in the works of poets like Ibn al-Jawzi, who sought to align poetry with the movement's austere theological principles.