On September 1, 1726 CE, an earthquake struck the city of Palermo in Sicily, causing significant damage and loss of life. This event is documented in contemporary records and is part of the seismic history of the island. The earthquake was a major disaster for the city and contributed to the ongoing challenges faced by the Kingdom of Sicily.

The 1726 Palermo earthquake is recorded in Italian and Sicilian historical sources and is part of the regional literary and cultural memory. The event was the subject of contemporary poems and chronicles that lamented the destruction and called for divine mercy. The earthquake is a significant event in the history of Sicilian literature, where the theme of natural disaster is often used to explore the relationship between the people and their environment.