In 1291, Sufi mysticism began to significantly influence poetry in the Islamic world, particularly in Persia and the Middle East. Sufi poets explored themes of divine love, the nature of the soul, and the quest for spiritual enlightenment. This mystical approach to poetry enriched the literary tradition and inspired a new wave of poetic expression.

Sufi poets like Rumi and Hafiz, who emerged from this tradition, incorporated mystical themes into their works, emphasizing the connection between love and spirituality. Their influence extended beyond the Islamic world, impacting poets in Europe who were drawn to the themes of transcendence and the divine.