The hurdy-gurdy, also known as the organistrum, developed in medieval Europe around 900 AD as a wheel-driven string instrument. This unique instrument combined elements of both string and percussion, allowing for a diverse range of musical expression. The hurdy-gurdy's popularity in folk and classical music illustrates the blending of cultural influences in medieval Europe.

The hurdy-gurdy, a mechanical string instrument introduced around 900, enriched the musical landscape of troubadour poetry. Poets like Bertran de Born utilized its unique sound to enhance themes of courtly love and chivalry in their verses, intertwining music and poetry in the celebration of romantic ideals.