In the 1570s, documented records from colonial Peru linked El Niño events to significant climatic changes, causing coastal rains and inland dryness. These records provided early evidence of the El Niño phenomenon, which has profound implications for agriculture and weather patterns in the region. Understanding these climatic events became crucial for managing resources and adapting to environmental challenges in colonial and modern Peru.

The El Niño events linked to Peruvian records in the 1570s influenced early colonial chronicles. Poets like Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz incorporated descriptions of New World nature, intertwining environmental observations with colonial narratives, thus highlighting the impact of climate on human experiences.