In 716, Islamic astronomers began to make significant advancements in the field of astronomy, building on Greek and Indian knowledge. This period saw the establishment of observatories and the development of astronomical tables, primarily in cities like Baghdad and Damascus. The progress in astronomy not only advanced scientific understanding but also influenced poetic themes related to the cosmos and the natural world.

The advancements in astronomy inspired poets to explore themes of the universe and human existence, as seen in the works of poets like Omar Khayyam. The blending of scientific inquiry with poetic expression enriched the literary landscape, leading to a deeper exploration of metaphysical themes in poetry.