Anne Conway's 'The Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy,' published in 1690, critiques Cartesian dualism and Hobbesian materialism. Conway proposes a vitalist monism, suggesting that all creation is interconnected and capable of spiritual improvement. Her work is significant in the history of philosophy, as it challenges prevailing notions of separation between mind and body, influencing later thinkers in the realm of metaphysics.

Anne Conway's 'The Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy,' published in 1690, anticipated Romantic nature poetry and eco-feminist thought. Her vitalist philosophy, which viewed the universe as a living organism, provided a framework for poets to explore themes of interconnectedness and the natural world.