On August 4, 1265, the forces of Prince Edward (later Edward I) defeated the rebel army of Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham. De Montfort was killed in the battle, marking the end of the Second Barons' War and the rebellion against King Henry III. The battle effectively restored royal authority in England and confirmed the power of the crown over the baronial faction.

The Battle of Evesham was a pivotal moment in English history that was recorded in numerous chronicles and poems, including the popular song 'The Battle of Evesham,' which praises Prince Edward's victory. Simon de Montfort became a complex figure in later literature, sometimes portrayed as a champion of liberty and parliamentary rule, other times as a rebel against rightful authority. This dual legacy has made him a recurring figure in English political poetry and historical drama.