On 28 July in poetry and history
Poets born or who died on this date, plus historical events that happened on this day across history.
610 poets with calendar dates · 6,535 events with calendar dates in the catalogue
5 birthdays · 3 death anniversaries · 8 world events on 28 July
Birthdays
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Winthrop Mackworth Praed
28 July 1802 – 15 July 1839 (~37)
Born 28 July 1802 — would have been 224 in 2026
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John Stuart Blackie
28 July 1809 – 2 March 1895 (~86)
Born 28 July 1809 — would have been 217 in 2026
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Gerard Manley Hopkins
28 July 1844 – 8 June 1889 (~45)
Born 28 July 1844 — would have been 182 in 2026
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Stephen Phillips
28 July 1864 – 9 December 1915 (~51)
Born 28 July 1864 — would have been 162 in 2026
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John Wesley Holloway
28 July 1865 – 31 October 1935 (~70)
Born 28 July 1865 — would have been 161 in 2026
Death anniversaries
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Edward James Mortimer Collins
29 June 1827 – 28 July 1876 (~49)
Died 28 July 1876 — 150 years ago on this date
World events on this day
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Johann Sebastian Bach dies
Johann Sebastian Bach died in Leipzig in 1750. His death is often used as a symbolic boundary between the Baroque period and later musical styles. Much of his reputation grew after later rediscovery and performance.
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The Great Earthquake of 1976 in Tangshan
On July 28, 1976, a catastrophic earthquake, estimated at magnitude 7.5, struck the industrial city of Tangshan in Hebei province, China. The quake killed an estimated 242,000 people, though some estimates are much higher, making it one of the deadliest earthquakes in history. The city was almost completely destroyed, and the disaster was a major blow to the Chinese economy and morale. The event led to significant changes in China's approach to urban planning and seismic safety.
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IRA Statement on Arms Decommissioning
On July 28, 2005, the Provisional IRA issued a statement formally ordering an end to its armed campaign and instructing its volunteers to pursue political objectives through peaceful means. The IRA also agreed to decommission its weapons under the supervision of the Independent International Commission on Decommissioning. The statement was a major step in the peace process, effectively ending the IRA's military role in the conflict.
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Austria-Hungary Declares War on Serbia
On July 28, 1914, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. This declaration activated a complex web of alliances and set off a chain reaction that led to the outbreak of World War I. The war would have profound and lasting effects on global politics, society, and the course of history in the 20th century.
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NAACP Silent Protest Parade
On July 28, 1917, over 10,000 African Americans participated in the NAACP Silent Protest Parade along Fifth Avenue in New York City, a powerful response to the rampant lynchings and racial violence occurring in the United States. This historic event, organized by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, aimed to raise awareness of racial injustice and advocate for civil rights. The parade marked a significant moment in the early civil rights movement, highlighting the urgent need for social change and solidarity among African Americans.
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Battle of Gainsborough
Parliamentarian cavalry under Oliver Cromwell defeated Royalist forces near Gainsborough in Lincolnshire on 28 July 1643. The victory briefly relieved the town, although superior Royalist forces soon compelled a withdrawal. It enhanced Cromwell's reputation as a forceful cavalry commander.
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Founding of the IKEA Furniture Retail Model
In 1943, Ingvar Kamprad founded IKEA, introducing a revolutionary flat-pack furniture retail model that democratized home furnishings. By offering stylish and affordable furniture that customers could assemble themselves, IKEA transformed the furniture industry and consumer shopping habits. This innovative approach not only made home decor accessible to a broader audience but also emphasized sustainability and efficiency in production. IKEA's impact on global retail and design continues to resonate, shaping how people furnish their homes.
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The Battle of Cascina
The Battle of Cascina, fought on July 28, 1364, between the Republic of Florence and the Republic of Pisa, is a minor but symbolically important engagement in the ongoing Tuscan wars. The Florentine forces, despite initial tactical difficulties, ultimately triumph, and the victory is later immortalized in a famous fresco by Michelangelo. The battle reflects the intense political rivalries and military traditions of Italian city-states.