The House of Commons narrowly approved the Grand Remonstrance at Westminster on 22 November 1641. It listed grievances against Charles I's government and demanded further religious and ministerial reform. Its publication appealed beyond Parliament to the political judgement of the wider nation.

The Remonstrance and the replies it provoked demonstrated the growing power of print to mobilise public opinion. Its accusatory historical narrative became a model for Civil War polemic and political satire.