On May 8, 1931, the new Republican government revised electoral law to permit women to vote in Spain, a landmark achievement for Spanish feminism. The measure was championed by Republican legislators and represented a major step toward full democratic participation. The decision was controversial among some conservative elements who feared women would vote for Catholic parties, but it ultimately passed as part of the Republic's broader commitment to equality and modernization.

Women's suffrage opened new possibilities for female poets and writers to participate in public life. Poets like Concha Méndez and María Teresa León, who were already active in literary circles, now had a direct political voice. The suffrage victory became a recurring theme in the poetry of Spanish women writers, who celebrated this breakthrough while also lamenting the continuing social constraints on women.