In 1923, the Weimar Republic faced extreme hyperinflation, a direct consequence of the economic turmoil following World War I. The German government printed excessive amounts of money to pay reparations, leading to a dramatic devaluation of the currency. Prices skyrocketed, and everyday goods became unaffordable, causing widespread social unrest and hardship. This economic crisis undermined confidence in the Weimar government and contributed to the rise of extremist political movements.

The hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic in 1923 profoundly influenced Expressionist poetry, as poets like Bertolt Brecht and Paul Celan articulated the economic despair and societal collapse of the era. Their works often depicted the psychological trauma and instability faced by individuals in a rapidly changing society.