In 1920, the British Mandate for Palestine was established following World War I and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. Under the League of Nations mandate, Britain assumed administrative control over Palestine, with the dual objectives of establishing a national home for the Jewish people and safeguarding the rights of existing non-Jewish communities. This mandate laid the groundwork for future conflicts in the region, as tensions between Jewish and Arab populations escalated.

The British Mandate for Palestine in 1920 significantly influenced 20th-century poetry, inspiring works that grappled with themes of Zionism, Arab nationalism, and the complexities of the holy lands. Poets like Yehuda Amichai and Mahmoud Darwish articulated the deep emotional and political struggles of their respective communities.