Peruvian archaeologist Toribio Mejía Xesspe and pilots noted the giant geoglyphs in the Nazca Desert, Peru, created by the Nazca culture between 500 BC and 500 AD. Visible from air, they depict animals and shapes across the arid plain. Purpose remains debated.

The rediscovery of the Nazca Lines in 1927 sparked a fascination with ancient civilizations, inspiring eco-poetry and speculative verse that delve into themes of ancient astronomy and landscape art in Latin America. Poets like Pablo Neruda and others have used these motifs to reflect on humanity's relationship with the earth and the mysteries of the cosmos.