In 1172, King Henry II of England secured a treaty with William the Lion, King of Scotland, at York. This treaty aimed to establish peace and define the boundaries of their respective territories, marking a significant moment in Anglo-Scottish relations. The agreement not only solidified Henry's power but also set the stage for future conflicts and cultural exchanges between England and Scotland, influencing the literary landscape of both regions.

The treaty and its aftermath inspired poets like Geoffrey Chaucer and later Scottish bards who explored themes of power, loyalty, and conflict in their works. The evolving relationship between England and Scotland would later be reflected in the poetry of the Scottish Renaissance, as poets sought to express national identity and cultural pride.