The South African Old Age Pensions Act, passed in 1928, created a means-tested pension system that was initially racially restricted and unequal. While it marked a step towards social welfare, the act highlighted the deep-seated racial inequalities in South Africa, as benefits were not equitably distributed among all citizens. This legislation laid the groundwork for future debates on social justice and equity in the context of apartheid.

The South African Old Age Pensions Act of 1928 and its exclusions illuminate South African literature's later concern with poverty, race, ageing, dignity, and the injustices of state power. Poets like Ingrid Jonker and Antjie Krog addressed these themes, weaving personal narratives into broader social critiques.